Recurrent Miscarriages
When loss repeats – and hope remains alive
What are recurrent miscarriages
Recurrent miscarriages are defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses occurring during the first or second trimester. This is a complex and emotionally charged issue that affects approximately 1% of couples trying to conceive.
Despite the burden of repeated loss, modern medicine has developed diagnostic and therapeutic tools that enhance the chances of a successful pregnancy.
Potential causes of recurrent miscarriages
Genetic factors
Chromosomal abnormalities (often translocations) in one of the parents can lead to non-viable embryos.
Immunological mechanisms
Antibodies (such as antiphospholipid) or dysfunction in the maternal immune tolerance towards the embryo.
Hematological factors
Thrombophilias, clotting disorders, or placental vascular insufficiency.
Anatomical abnormalities of the uterus
E.g., septum, adhesions, or fibroids that impact implantation or blood flow to the embryo.
Diagnostic approach
Management is based on comprehensive and systematic evaluation to identify potential causes.
This includes karyotyping of the couple to detect genetic abnormalities, testing for antiphospholipid syndrome and autoimmune diseases, thrombophilia screening for clotting disorders, and imaging of the uterus via 3D ultrasound or hysteroscopy to detect anatomical anomalies.
Treatment options
Medication
Anticoagulants (e.g., heparin, aspirin), immunomodulatory drugs, or hormonal support.
Surgical correction of anatomical issues
Removal of septum, adhesions, or intrauterine abnormalities.
Assisted reproduction with preimplantation genetic testing (PGT)
Selection of embryos with normal genetic material.
Special implantation support protocols
Applied in cases with functional endometrial insufficiency or unexplained failures.
Emotional dimension and support for the couple
Recurrent miscarriages have a profound psychological impact, and emotional empowerment is a vital part of care. The feelings of loss and fear are completely natural and should be acknowledged without guilt. Psychological or psychotherapeutic support can assist in processing grief and reframing the experience.
Additionally, encouragement and hope remain essential, as the majority of couples with recurrent miscarriages eventually succeed in having a child with appropriate guidance. Open communication with the treating physician fosters trust and focuses on feasible options and solutions.
Recurrent miscarriages are a deeply painful experience, but they are not a dead-end. With thorough investigation, proper guidance, and psychological support, most couples can move forward with hope. Persistence, collaboration with the medical team, and compassionate care create the conditions for a new beginning, with strength and faith in life.